Shared Norms and the Evolution of Ethnic Markers McElreath Boyd Richerson 2003

Paper in evolutionary game theory exploring the beginnings of the invention of culture, in this case "ethnic markers"

They list the assumptions of the mathematical model, numbered, at the top of the second page.

A thought provoking claim that probably meaningless outside the context of the paper: "spatial structure is needed to generate ethnic markers but not to maintain them."

Despite its relative rigor, there wasn't much indication in the paper of hypothesis testing.